Bush used the term axis of evil to describe iran, iraq and north korea in his 2002 state of the union speech he was derided from all sides. President bush the axis of evil speech 22 in his state of the union message. However, whether you believe in the metaphor or not, it changes the way you view your world. The axis of evil speech was not, in itself, responsible for the iraq war. Bush administration officials sunday defended the presidents characterization of iraq, iran and north korea as an axis of evil, urging international critics to redirect their ire.
Feb 04, 2002 bush warned over axis of evil european leaders insist diplomacy is the way to deal with three nations singled out by america ian black in brussels, john hooper in berlin and oliver burkeman in. The presidential rhetoric of terror wiley online library. Evil speech is most commonly understood as speaking negatively about someone else, which is the most obvious, worst level of lashon hara. White wrote a book entitled nobody wanted war that has resonated deeply with my own thinking about war. An analysis of the use of language within the collective memory of 911. By seeking weapons of mass destruction, these regimes pose a grave. Citing the axis of evil statements, scowcroft said, i really dont know what it was designed to do. Dec 20, 2003 the original axis of evil list, pronounced by us president george w bush in 2002, comprised iraq, iran and north korea. Well, some of them have to say that, because theyre in iran, and the mullahs can hear. General assembly on tuesday, updating the axis of evil coined by president george w. Bush, and helped write bushs famous axis of evil state of the union address in 2002. He was awarded the nobel peace prize in 1964 for employing nonviolent civil disobedience to.
He argued that the next phase of the war on terrorism will be fought in the domain of intelligence activity, and the full cooperation of the europeans and other nations will be essential. George bushs declaration in his stateoftheunion speech to congress on january 29th that an axis of evil threatens the peace of the world. The overarching theme of trumps speech was sovereignty a word he used 21 times. What impact has bushs speech had on iran, and what does it mean for the u. Despite widespread accolades in the media and strong bipartisan support in congress, a careful examination of the language and assumptions in the address raise disturbing questions about the direction of u. The data for this analysis are drawn from indepth interviews. Unlike other, more congenial developing states, such as pakistan and india, whose military and. President bush delivered his first state of the union speech a year ago tonight. Distorted views of the enemy and bushs axis of evil by bob anschuetz september 19th, 2017 many years ago, while the war in vietnam still raged, the psychologist ralph k.
By seeking weapons of mass destruction, these regimes pose a grave and growing. David frum served as a speechwriter and special assistant to president george w. Bush in his state of the union address on january 29, 2002, less than five months after the 911 terrorist attacks, and often repeated throughout his presidency, to describe foreign governments that, during his administration, allegedly sponsored terrorism and sought weapons of mass destruction. States like these, and their terrorist allies, he said, constitute an axis of evil, arming to threaten the peace of the world. Sep 19, 2017 president trump offered his own list of rogue nations in his speech to the u. In his first state of the union speech tuesday night, president bush. Bush used the term axis of evil to describe iran, iraq and north korea in his 2002 state of the union speech he was derided from all. Speaker, vice president cheney, members of congress, distinguished guests, fellow citizens, as we gather. Pdf this article focuses on the axis of evil metaphor that was used by president.
Jan 25, 2014 the 4th best state of the union address. Jan 29, 2002 states like these, and their terrorist allies, constitute an axis of evil, arming to threaten the peace of the world. Bushs state of the union address in 2002 was memorable because of one line americans will remember from that speech. Bush used the word evil five times in this speech, three times referring. Five academic hitler historians completed the cati. Feb 17, 2002 bush administration officials sunday defended the presidents characterization of iraq, iran and north korea as an axis of evil, urging international critics to redirect their ire. Traditional and cognitive rhetorics differ most markedly in their. The title of this volume at hand references the axis of evil that president bush created with his habitual and i do mean all quartersrecent numbers have focused on estonia, peru, indonesia, tamil, palestine and, yes, german, literature of exile, graphic novels, and the sixth queer issue.
Pdf what the axis of evil metaphor did to iran researchgate. Jan 29, 2002 view the state of the union read about usa freedom corps go to the state of the union web page. Iran and the axis of evil terror and tehran frontline pbs. The 43rd presidents initial state of the union address followed a dramatic first year in office punctuated by the sept. Iran and the axis of evil terror and tehran frontline. The president of the united states is required by the constitution to deliver a periodic assessment of the state of the nation to congress, and to make recommendations to congress regarding the nations welfare. Bush warned over axis of evil world news the guardian. Bush gives his state of the union address just months after the 911 attacks. Bush presidential library and museum november 5, 2015 in his 2002 state of the union address, president george w. These meetings stopped after the axis of evil speech hardened iranian attitudes toward cooperating with the. Matthew bonham and daniel heradstveit, the axis of evil metaphor and the restructuring of iranian views toward the us, vaseteh journal of the european society for iranian studies, vol.
Worldwide opposition rises to bushs axis of evil statement. The word evil is invoked in many, if not most, of the speeches examined. Apr 10, 2018 although mentioned in the axis of evil sotu address, north korea was not so much the concern of the united states as iraq and afghanistan were, bluntly because the united states had ground troops actively fighting both of these conflicts, however the bush doctrine was not applied to north korea the same way as it was in the middle east this. The bush doctrine as a hegemonic discourse strategy. These excerpts show that, republican or democrat, it was an historic moment in time. A dialogue between traditional and cognitive rhetoric. An earlier version of this analysis of the axis of evil speech and metaphor was published by the authors in g. These excerpts show that, republican or democrat, it was an historic moment in. Bushs state of the union address on january 29, 2002 was the first in many years to focus primarily on foreign policy. The overall mean interrater correlation was moderately high for all 38 cati scales t scores median r. Speaker, vice president cheney, members of congress, distinguished guests, fellow citizens. Bush warned over axis of evil european leaders insist diplomacy is the way to deal with three nations singled out by america ian black in brussels, john.
Beyond the axis of evil, there are other rogue states intent on acquiring weapons of mass destructionparticularly biological weapons. I conducted my own speech analysis using this framework and, by doing. A lot of important reformers are saying, however, that the axis of evil speech had the opposite effect. As we gather tonight, our nation is at war, our economy is in recession, and the civilized world faces unprecedented dangers. States like these, and their terrorist allies, constitute an axis of evil, arming to threaten the peace of the world. Distorted views of the enemy and bushs axis of evil. However, there are numerous ways to speak lashon hara.
Literature from the axis of evil is an anthology of short stories, poems and excerpts from novels by twenty writers from seven countries, translated into english often for the first time, and published by words without borders in 2006. President trump offered his own list of rogue nations in his speech to the u. Jan 20, 2003 elisabeth bumiller column on speculation about whether pres bushs coming state of union speech will include reference to axis of evil, phrase from last years speech that administrations. Axis of evil, expression used to describe the bellicose tendencies of iran, north korea, and iraq in the early 21st century. Two scientists, kate land and joao magueijo, in a paper in 2005 describing the axis, dubbed it the axis of evil because of the damage it does to current theories, and tongue in cheek as a response to george bush axis of evil speech regarding iraq, iran and, north korea. But it did cause some direct harm in us relations with another member of the socalled axis. For example, the targets of the axis of evil may not take the metaphor seriously, but they dont want to be part of evil. The detractors, who include most of europe and the developing world, see the axis of evil speech more as a selffulfilling prophecy that has set back the.
Iran and the axis of evil how iran entered the axis terror and. Axis of evil quotes quotes tagged as axisofevil showing 12 of 2 i imagine johnny mathis hates bin laden as much as i do, but could johnny agree bin laden had a better speechwriter than bush. Bushs state of the union address in 2002 was memorable because of one line americans will remember from that speech even if. The axis of evil metaphor divides the world into two parts. They could provide these arms to terrorists, giving them the means to match their hatred. Nov 05, 2015 the axis of evil speech was not, in itself, responsible for the iraq war. Elisabeth bumiller column on speculation about whether pres bushs coming state of union speech will include reference to axis of evil, phrase from last years speech that administrations. Jan 28, 2003 the detractors, who include most of europe and the developing world, see the axis of evil speech more as a selffulfilling prophecy that has set back the democracy movement in iran, goaded north. Bush, and helped write bushs famous axis of evil state of the union address in.
The phrases evil empire by ronald reagan, and axis of evil by george w. Harkening back to the axis powers of world war ii, this term suggested, for the first time, that certain rogue states form a united front in a global standoff against the u. It lasted 48 minutes and focused on terrorism and the war in afghanistan. Bushs axis of evil kharrazi said iran considers bushs remarks interference in its internal affairs. By seeking weapons of mass destruction, these regimes pose a grave and. Critical metaphor analysis is an approach that aims to identify the intentions and.
An earlier version of this analysis of the axis of evil speech and metaphor was. Jan 29, 2002 the 43rd presidents initial state of the union address followed a dramatic first year in office punctuated by the sept. For a summary of recent us relations with iran and a description of the internal. Even george hw bush now denounces his sons axis of evil vox. Jan 30, 2002 states like these, and their terrorist allies, constitute an axis of evil, arming to threaten the peace of the world. May 28, 2008 david frum served as a speechwriter and special assistant to president george w. Using qualitative content analysis to investigate closely the six speeches for their reality creating and persuasive rhetoric, the study scrutinizes. American leadership george bush and the axis of evil. By seeking weapons of mass destruction, these regimes pose a grave and growing danger. Iran and the axis of evil analysis the long reach of a. Map showing the tiny variations in the cosmic microwave background cmb observed by. Bush where phrases used by both presidents to point targets that were dangerous or a threat to the world.